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Rome, also known as the “Eternal City” because of its role in antiquity as the capital of the Roman Empire, is the capital of Italy. The independent state of Vatican City forms an enclave within the city. The Vatican is the seat of the Bishop of Rome and therefore the Pope, head of the Roman Catholic Church. Rome is extraordinarily rich in important monuments and museums and is therefore a destination for numerous tourists. The old town of Rome, St. Peter's Basilica and the Vatican City were declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 1980.